Manipulating and exploiting medal tables: an example of the continued commoditisation of athletes…and also fraud
At the recent summer Olympic Games in Japan, 1,080 podium places (340 Gold, 338 Silver, and 402 Bronze) were allocated across 339 events awarding medals1. A total of 2,401 medals were awarded to 1,996 individuals as some events have shared medals (e.g. boxing has shared Bronze medals2) and everyone who competes...